Third-party services

We will never sell, trade, or rent your personal data to others. However, we may share your personal data with third parties who provide services to us and process data on our behalf under our instructions (called 'data processors'). Those data processors may only use your personal data as necessary to provide the relevant services and are bound by contracts with us that limit their use of your personal data. Depending on your relationship with us and your use of our websites, it is likely that your personal data will be disclosed to third party data processors who provide the following types of services to us:

• Article indexing services; 
• Creation, management and preservation of archived articles; 
• Allowing researchers to track, verify and showcase their peer review and editorial contributions; 
• The manuscript submission process, the management of author and reviewer databases and improving the accuracy of name-based article repository searches; 
• Online hosting partners providing the secure storage and transmission of your personal data; 
• Database software providers for the management and tracking of your personal data; 
• Providers of unique identifiers for authentication purposes, such as ORCID IDs;  
• Marketing services that send communications on our behalf regarding our products and services; 
• Payment solution providers for the secure processing of payments you make to us; 
• Technology partners who assist in the development and management of our websites; 
• Subscription agents, fulfilment and postal vendors for the fulfilment of our products and services; 
• Marketing consultants who act as data processors, carrying out certain mailing campaigns under our direction;  
• Survey and research providers who perform studies on our behalf; or
• Members of our journal Editorial Boards who perform various functions on our behalf.